Hydrometallurgy & cell grading plants
The two plant classes that decide what happens to a retired pack: diagnostics benches that grade cells for second life, and refineries that leach the rest into battery-grade lithium, nickel and cobalt salts.
Refineries
7
Grading plants
12
Combined capacity
411,000 TPA
Hydrometallurgical refineries
Leach, solvent extraction and crystallisation lines producing 99.5%+ purity salts.
India · est. 2018
Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu
Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu facility: hydrometallurgical refinery converting black mass into battery-grade lithium, nickel, cobalt and manganese salts. Rated at 32,000 tonnes per annum and operating since 2018.
32,000 TPA
India · est. 2020
Haldia, West Bengal
Haldia, West Bengal facility: hydrometallurgical refinery converting black mass into battery-grade lithium, nickel, cobalt and manganese salts. Rated at 15,000 tonnes per annum and operating since 2020.
15,000 TPA
India · est. 2022
Atchutapuram, Andhra Pradesh
Atchutapuram, Andhra Pradesh facility: hydrometallurgical refinery converting black mass into battery-grade lithium, nickel, cobalt and manganese salts. Rated at 13,000 tonnes per annum and operating since 2022.
13,000 TPA
United States · est. 2019
Reno, Nevada
Reno, Nevada facility: hydrometallurgical refinery converting black mass into battery-grade lithium, nickel, cobalt and manganese salts. Rated at 45,000 tonnes per annum and operating since 2019.
45,000 TPA
Netherlands · est. 2018
Rotterdam, South Holland
Rotterdam, South Holland facility: hydrometallurgical refinery converting black mass into battery-grade lithium, nickel, cobalt and manganese salts. Rated at 30,000 tonnes per annum and operating since 2018.
30,000 TPA
France · est. 2020
Lyon, France
Lyon, France facility: hydrometallurgical refinery converting black mass into battery-grade lithium, nickel, cobalt and manganese salts. Rated at 23,000 tonnes per annum and operating since 2020.
23,000 TPA
China · est. 2018
Ningde, Fujian
Ningde, Fujian facility: hydrometallurgical refinery converting black mass into battery-grade lithium, nickel, cobalt and manganese salts. Rated at 48,000 tonnes per annum and operating since 2018.
48,000 TPA
Cell grading & diagnostics plants
SOH benches, EIS laboratories and AI optical inspection assigning A/B/C/D grades.
India · est. 2019
Gurugram, Haryana
Gurugram, Haryana facility: diagnostics centre running module-level SOH, impedance and optical grading to split reuse from refining. Rated at 18,000 tonnes per annum and operating since 2019.
18,000 TPA
India · est. 2021
Hosur, Tamil Nadu
Hosur, Tamil Nadu facility: diagnostics centre running module-level SOH, impedance and optical grading to split reuse from refining. Rated at 14,000 tonnes per annum and operating since 2021.
14,000 TPA
India · est. 2023
Bhiwadi, Rajasthan
Bhiwadi, Rajasthan facility: diagnostics centre running module-level SOH, impedance and optical grading to split reuse from refining. Rated at 9,000 tonnes per annum and operating since 2023.
9,000 TPA
India · est. 2023
Kalamassery, Kerala
Kalamassery, Kerala facility: diagnostics centre running module-level SOH, impedance and optical grading to split reuse from refining. Rated at 7,000 tonnes per annum and operating since 2023.
7,000 TPA
India · est. 2022
Pithampur, Madhya Pradesh
Pithampur, Madhya Pradesh facility: diagnostics centre running module-level SOH, impedance and optical grading to split reuse from refining. Rated at 11,000 tonnes per annum and operating since 2022.
11,000 TPA
United States · est. 2021
Atlanta, Georgia
Atlanta, Georgia facility: diagnostics centre running module-level SOH, impedance and optical grading to split reuse from refining. Rated at 22,000 tonnes per annum and operating since 2021.
22,000 TPA
United States · est. 2020
Fremont, California
Fremont, California facility: diagnostics centre running module-level SOH, impedance and optical grading to split reuse from refining. Rated at 24,000 tonnes per annum and operating since 2020.
24,000 TPA
Germany · est. 2016
Stuttgart, Germany
Stuttgart, Germany facility: diagnostics centre running module-level SOH, impedance and optical grading to split reuse from refining. Rated at 28,000 tonnes per annum and operating since 2016.
28,000 TPA
Poland · est. 2022
Warsaw, Mazovia
Warsaw, Mazovia facility: diagnostics centre running module-level SOH, impedance and optical grading to split reuse from refining. Rated at 17,000 tonnes per annum and operating since 2022.
17,000 TPA
United Kingdom · est. 2021
Birmingham, England
Birmingham, England facility: diagnostics centre running module-level SOH, impedance and optical grading to split reuse from refining. Rated at 16,000 tonnes per annum and operating since 2021.
16,000 TPA
Japan · est. 2020
Yokohama, Kanagawa
Yokohama, Kanagawa facility: diagnostics centre running module-level SOH, impedance and optical grading to split reuse from refining. Rated at 21,000 tonnes per annum and operating since 2020.
21,000 TPA
Singapore · est. 2021
Tuas, Singapore
Tuas, Singapore facility: diagnostics centre running module-level SOH, impedance and optical grading to split reuse from refining. Rated at 18,000 tonnes per annum and operating since 2021.
18,000 TPA