Volkswagen ID.4 Pro battery recycling in Ningde, Fujian
Ningde, Fujian does not take whole packs. It receives black mass made from Volkswagen ID.4 Pro modules that failed grading, and turns it into battery-grade salts.
Pack value at 80% SOH
3,843 USD
Hybrid Split
Second-life share
47%
At 80% SOH
Site capacity
48,000 TPA
Hydrometallurgical Refinery
Cities served
4
From Ningde, Fujian
Where a Volkswagen ID.4 Pro pack goes from Ningde, Fujian
- 1
Collected via Ulsan, South Korea
Whole packs enter the network at Ulsan — Korea Recovery Campus, 1,354 km away, where they are weighed and de-energised.
- 2
Graded at Yokohama, Kanagawa
Modules travel 2,142 km to Yokohama — Kanagawa Diagnostics Works for capacity, resistance and impedance testing across all 12 modules.
- 3
Second life at Gothenburg, Sweden
At 80% SOH about 47% of the pack qualifies for reuse and goes to Gothenburg — Nordic Second-Life Campus (8,495 km). Good — grade-A modules above 80% SOH qualify for commercial-scale BESS strings.
- 4
Refining at Ningde, Fujian
Black mass from failed modules is leached and refined here into battery-grade nickel, cobalt and lithium salts.
| Stage | Facility | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| Nearest intake yard | Ulsan — Korea Recovery Campus | 1,354 km |
| Nearest grading bench | Yokohama — Kanagawa Diagnostics Works | 2,142 km |
| Nearest second-life works | Gothenburg — Nordic Second-Life Campus | 8,495 km |
Faster option
Inside the Volkswagen ID.4 Pro battery
The Volkswagen ID.4 Pro (2021) carries a 82 kWh NMC 811 Cylindrical 2170 pack with 12 modules at 400 V, weighing roughly 459 kg. High-nickel cylindrical cells with the strongest hydrometallurgical recovery credit per tonne of black mass.
| Service year | SOH | Grade | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Year 2 | 94.5% | A — BESS ready | USD 5,125 |
| Year 4 | 90.2% | A — BESS ready | USD 4,921 |
| Year 6 | 85.9% | A — BESS ready | USD 4,646 |
| Year 8 | 81.6% | B — Second life | USD 4,041 |
| Year 10 | 77.3% | B — Second life | USD 3,543 |
What the chemistry means here
How it ages
NMC 811 loses capacity through a mix of SEI growth, cathode surface reconstruction and micro-cracking of nickel-rich particles. Resistance climbs faster than in LFP, which matters as much as capacity for second-life duty.
Thermal behaviour
High-nickel NMC cathodes release oxygen as they decompose, so once runaway starts it is fast and energetic. Cylindrical 2170 cells vent through a designed rupture point, which helps, but cell-to-cell propagation inside a tightly packed module is the main hazard.
Handling NMC 811 (2170)
Collecting a Volkswagen ID.4 Pro pack
82 kWh, 12 modules, about 459 kg — this is how the Ningde, Fujian team plans the job.
Removal
Packs are dropped on a vehicle lift using the OEM procedure and a rated battery table, then isolated at the service disconnect.
Packaging
One pack per UN-rated pallet box, strapped and restrained, with terminals capped and coolant ports sealed.
Consolidation
Dealer and workshop returns are consolidated into full truckloads, typically eight or more packs per run.
Before the truck arrives
- Pull the service disconnect and record pack voltage
- Drain or cap coolant lines before lifting
- Photograph the pack casing and any impact damage
- Keep the VIN and pack serial together on the manifest
Ningde, Fujian site notes
- Only black mass and scrap are accepted.
- Import eligibility must be confirmed before shipment.
- Bulk bags must be sealed and labelled.
- Settlement follows assay at intake.
What this pack yields
lithium
4.67 kg
nickel
30.12 kg
cobalt
3.73 kg
manganese
3.47 kg
copper
14.93 kg
aluminium
12.53 kg
Refining-route estimate at 80% SOH. Measured module health on the bench sets the final split.
Rules in China
MIIT management measures for new energy vehicle power battery recycling
Regulator: Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT)
The base operates under Chinese environmental permitting and national rules for recycling new energy vehicle batteries, including traceability requirements. Imports are subject to Chinese customs controls and solid waste import restrictions.
Volkswagen ID.4 Pro in Ningde, Fujian: common questions
Can I drop off a Volkswagen ID.4 Pro battery at Ningde, Fujian?
Ningde, Fujian is a hydrometallurgical refinery and does not accept whole packs from customers. Book a collection and the pack enters the network at Ulsan, South Korea, 1,354 km away.
What happens to Volkswagen ID.4 Pro modules after Ningde, Fujian?
Collected via Ulsan, South Korea, then Graded at Yokohama, Kanagawa, then Second life at Gothenburg, Sweden, then Refining at Ningde, Fujian. At 80% SOH roughly 47% of the pack goes to second life and the rest is refined.
How should a Volkswagen ID.4 Pro pack be prepared for pickup?
Pull the service disconnect and record pack voltage. Drain or cap coolant lines before lifting. Photograph the pack casing and any impact damage. Keep the VIN and pack serial together on the manifest.
Which rules apply to Volkswagen ID.4 Pro recycling in China?
MIIT management measures for new energy vehicle power battery recycling, overseen by Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT). Road transport of retired power batteries follows national dangerous goods rules, with packaging and labelling set by national standards.
Cities collected by Ningde, Fujian
Volkswagen ID.4 Pro at other sites
Retiring Volkswagen ID.4 Pro packs near Ningde, Fujian?
Share pack counts and condition. The despatch desk confirms a collection window within one working day and sends the right packaging.