Why Detroit matters
Big Three EV programme headquarters and battery engineering centres. Active names in and around the city include General Motors, Ford, Stellantis.
OEM head offices and engineering centres produce prototype and validation packs, recall and warranty returns routed through central teams, and programme fleet retirements. Volumes are lumpy but the packs are often high-value and come with full engineering data.
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Serving site | Detroit — Michigan Closed-Loop Plant (Integrated Recovery Campus) |
| Pickup SLA | 48 hours |
| Coverage radius | 177 km |
| Collection cadence | Called off against a framework agreement |
| Regulatory framework | EPA universal waste rules, DOT hazardous materials regulations and state programmes |
How collection works here
We work under a framework take-back agreement with the OEM's central sustainability or aftersales team, covering pricing methodology, EPR certificate transfer and confidential handling of prototype hardware, including destruction certificates where required.
Loads move in Class 9 compliant transport with pre-filled dangerous goods paperwork to Detroit, Michigan, where they are weighed, logged and graded.
- OEM sustainability and aftersales teams
- Engineering and validation centres
- Programme and demo fleets
- Recall coordination teams
What the rules require in United States
The US has no federal extended producer responsibility law for EV batteries. Lithium-ion batteries can be managed under EPA's universal waste rules, transport follows DOT PHMSA hazardous materials regulations, and states such as California and New Jersey are moving towards producer responsibility for EV batteries. Recycled material processed in North America can also count towards IRA critical mineral requirements.
Shipments follow DOT PHMSA 49 CFR requirements, with damaged or defective batteries under stricter special permits and packaging.
- Manage retired batteries under universal waste or state hazardous waste rules
- Package, mark and document shipments under 49 CFR hazardous materials rules
- Track state-specific EV battery take-back and reporting requirements
- Keep chain-of-custody evidence to support IRA critical mineral sourcing claims
Field note
What you get paid and what you file
Settlement is quoted per pack after measured state of health, not by guesswork on age. Modules holding 75% or more of rated capacity settle at second-life rates; the remainder settle against black mass metal content.
Certificates carry achieved recovery percentages and downstream vendor disclosure for reporting under EPA universal waste rules, DOT hazardous materials regulations and state programmes.